ABSTRACT
Objective:To evaluate the efficacy and safety of allopurinol in the treatment of chronic kidney disease.Methods:The databases of Embase, PubMed and the Cochrane library were searched for randomized controlled trials of allopurinol in patients with chronic kidney disease. According to the Cochrane system evaluation method, two evaluators independently screened the literature and extracted the data, and analyzed the results with Revman 5.3 software.Results:Finally, 10 articles were included, including 940 patients (472 in the experimental group and 468 in the control group). Meta analysis showed that allopurinol treatment could reduce blood uric acid ( MD=-2.40, 95% CI: -2.74--2.05, P<0.01), 24-hour urinary protein ( MD=-0.61, 95% CI: -1.17--0.06, P=0.03) and increase estimation of glomerular filtration rate(eGFR) ( MD=2.51, 95% CI: 1.86-3.17, P<0.01). There was no significant difference in adverse events between the experimental group and the control group ( OR=1.40, 95% CI: 0.61-3.19, P=0.42), but allopurinol treatment could reduce the risk of cardiovascular events ( OR=0.58, 95% CI: 0.38-0.89, P=0.01). Conclusions:Allopurinol treatment of chronic kidney disease can reduce urinary protein, improve eGFR, and reduce the risk of cardiovascular events.
ABSTRACT
Oncomelania hupensis is the only intermediate host of Schistosoma japonicum, and O. hupensis control is an important measure for schistosomiasis control. With the progress of national schistosomiasis control program, the prevalence of schistosomiasis is low in China; however, there are still multiple challenges for O. hupensis breeding and schistosomiasis transmission risk. Considering the target of the national schistosomiasis elimination program and environmental protection in the new era, the introduction of precision identification, precision interventions and precision assessment into O. hupensis control may facilitate the progress towards elimination of schistosomiasis in China.
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Schizophrenia is a serious mental health illness with unknown etiology, high prevalence, high morbidity and heavy social burden. Some RNAs with regulatory functions may be involved in pathogenesis of many complex diseases, including schizophrenia. miRNAs are non-coding RNAs that negatively regulate gene expression. Differential miRNA expression has been found in the brain and peripheral blood of patients with schizophrenia. miR-195 is an important member of the miR-15/16/195/497 family. Previous studies have implicated that miR-195 may be involved in the pathogenesis of schizophrenia due to its differential expression. This review aimed to clarify the function of miR-195 and summarized the recent researches of miR-195 in schizophrenia.
ABSTRACT
Ubiquitin-specific protease(USP), which belongs to cysteine protease, is an important member of the deubiquitinating enzyme family(DUB). USP plays an important role in the immune response against viral infections, in which it can regulate the production of type I interferon through various ways to initiate or weaken the antiviral immune response. USP2b, USP3, USP18, USP25, UL36USP and HAUSP play a role of antivirus; while USP4, USP13, USP15 and USP17 negatively regulate antiviral immune response. In this article we review the recent progress on roles of USP family in antiviral immune response.
Subject(s)
Humans , Interferon Type I , Allergy and Immunology , Ubiquitin-Specific Proteases , Allergy and Immunology , Virus Diseases , Allergy and ImmunologyABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To detect potential mutations of gap junction protein beta 2 (GJB2) and loricrin (LOR) genes in two patients with Vohwinkel syndrome.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Polymerase chain reaction and DNA sequencing were used for detecting potential mutations in the GJB2 and LOR genes. Parents of one patient and 50 healthy individuals were used as controls.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>A novel homozygous missense mutation (c.A796G) of LOR gene was detected in one patient. The same mutation was not found in the other patient, their relatives and the 50 healthy controls.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>A missence mutation of LOR gene was detected in a patient with Vohwinkel syndrome.</p>
Subject(s)
Adult , Child, Preschool , Female , Humans , Male , Abnormalities, Multiple , Genetics , Pathology , Connexin 26 , Connexins , Genetics , Hand Deformities, Congenital , Genetics , Pathology , Hearing Loss, Sensorineural , Genetics , Pathology , Keratoderma, Palmoplantar , Genetics , Pathology , Membrane Proteins , Genetics , Mutation, Missense , Sequence Analysis, DNAABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the association of filaggrin gene (FLG) polymorphism with atopic dermatitis (AD) in southern Chinese Han population.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The frequencies of the 13 known FLG gene single nucleotide polymorphism(SNPs), including 3321delA, 441delA, 1249insG, E1795X, S3296X, R501X, 2282del4, R2447X, S2889X, 7945delA, 3702delG, Q2417X, R4307X, were detected in a cohort of 50 AD patients and 100 control individuals using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and DNA sequencing.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>FLG 3321delA and 441delA were detected in 14 (28%) and 6 (12%) AD patients, respectively. The other 11 SNPs were not detected in the patients. None of the 13 SNPs was detected in the controls.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The results suggested that the FLG gene might be associated with atopic dermatitis susceptibility in southern Chinese Han population.</p>
Subject(s)
Adolescent , Child , Child, Preschool , Female , Humans , Male , Asian People , Genetics , Base Sequence , Dermatitis, Atopic , Genetics , Genetic Predisposition to Disease , Genetics , Intermediate Filament Proteins , Genetics , Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide , GeneticsABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the immunoregulatory activities of polysaccharopeptide and astragalus polysaccharides on EAC tumor-bearing mice.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>Ehrlich's ascites carcinoma (EAC) Kunming (KM) mice were used to establish the animal model for solid tumor. Mice were randomly divided into six groups (n = 10): NS group (NS, 10 mL x kg(-1) x d(-1)), AMD group (AMD, 4 mg x kg(-1) x d(-1), 0.2 mL, only for the first 3 days), PSP group (PSP, 250 mg x kg(-1) x d(-1), 0.2 mL), APS group (APS, 250 mg x kg(-1) x d(-1), 0.2 mL), complex prescription group (PSP + APS, 250 mg x kg(-1) x d(-1), 0.1 mL) and combined treat group (AMD + PSP + APS, same dosage as above). After thirty days of treatment, immunocytochemical method was employed to detect the changes of T-lymphocyte subsets in the PBMC of tumor-bearing mice. Subsequently, the organ indexes and tumor inhibition rate were calculated and compared with those of control group.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>Percentage of CD3+, CD4+ T-cell and the ratio of CD4+/CD8+ were obviously prominence in the PSP and PSP + APS groups compared with those of NS group (0.05), percentage of CD8+ T-cell was significantly decreased compared with that of AMD group; percentage of CD3+, CD4+ T-cell were obviously increased in AMD + PSP + APS group relative to that of AMD group; the thymus index of AMD group was significantly decreased compared with that of NS group, but the thymus index of AMD + PSP + APS group was obviously increased compared with that of AMD group; the weight of tumor in each administration group was significantly decreased compared with that of NS group.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>PSP and PSP + APS complex prescription showed the remarkable immunoregulation on EAC mice with chemotherapy or not.</p>